Symptoms
The most frequent reasons for consultation on paediatric rheumatology are:
- Inflammation and/or joint pain.
- Limp.
- Recurrent fever.
- Muscular weakness.
- Erythema nodosum and other inflammatory skin lesions.
- Raynaud phenomenon.
- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Diseases
- Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA).
- Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) and inflammatory myopathies in paediatrics.
- Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE). Neonatal lupus.
- Paediatric antiphospholipid syndrome (pAPS).
- Localized scleroderma in childhood (morphea).
- Juvenile systemic sclerosis (JSSc).
- Rare Juvenile Primary Systemic Vasculitis in children (Kawasaki disease, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Polyarteritis nodosa, Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, Takayasu disease, Primary angiitis of the central nervous system).
- Paediatric Sjögren syndrome.
- Mixed connective tissue disease.
- Arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease and other gastrointestinal diseases.
- Rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal reactive arthritis.
- Behçet disease.
- Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO). Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO).
- Uveitis associated with rheumatic diseases.
- Autoinflammatory diseases (PFAPA syndrome, Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) or Hyper IgD syndrome (HIDS), Cryopyrin associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), Blau’s disease, Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (DADA2), recurrent fever with undefined genetic cause).